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Nyíregyházi Egyetem |
Összefoglaló
Az élesztőgombákat az emberiség évezredek óta hasznosítja. Az európai kultúra alapvető élelmiszerei: a bor, a sör és a kenyér élesztővel, elsősorban Saccharomyces cerevisiae felhasználásával készülnek. Ez az áttekintés felidézi az élesztőkkel való találkozásunk kezdeteit, majd tárgyalja a S. cerevisiae eredetével kapcsolatosan kialakult különböző nézőpontokat. Végül a bor-, sör- és kenyérkészítéshez használt modern törzsek és technológiák kialakulásának fő mérföldköveit és jellemzőit tárgyalom.
Kulcsszavak: élesztőgomba, Saccharomyces cerevisae, bor, sör, kenyér
ABSTRACT
Yeasts have been used by mankind for thousands of years. The staple foods of European culture: wine, beer and bread are made with the use of yeasts, primarily Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This review traces the beginnings of our encounter with yeasts and then discusses the various perspectives that have emerged regarding the origins of S. cerevisiae. Finally, I discuss the main landmarks and characteristics of the development of modern strains and technologies used for wine, beer and bread production.
FELHASZNÁLT SZAKIRODALOM
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